Nnspeed control of dc shunt motor using pwm pdf

The paper analyses a dc motor with focus on speed control using two different approaches. Speed control of dc motor using pwm a pulse width modulation concept the purpose of a motor speed controller is to drive a system at the demanded speed. A more efficient way to proceed is by using pulse width modulation technique to control the speed of our dc motor. In this tutorial we will see how to control the speed of a dc motor using pulse width modulation. We use dc motors in many systems in our day to day life. Armature voltage is controlled using different single phase. Speed control of dc motor using scr pdf speed of the dc motor is controlled by controlling the armature voltage. Speed control of dc shunt motor with field and armature rheostat control 79 2. What are the methods for controlling the speed of a dc.

Automation results into better quality, increased production an reduced costs. Speed control of dc shunt motor your electrical guide. There are many different ways to control the speed of dc motors but one very simple and easy way is to use pulse width modulation. Flux control method speed is inversely proportional to. For controller design, two methods, namely the frequency shaping method and pwm. The plc has pwm capabilities, up to a 200khz frequency. Controlling the speed of dc motor can be done by different ways like using a potentiometer and also by a controlled current to the armature. He has 8 years of experience in customer support, operations and administration. Speed control of a dc motor using pwm video matlab. Pwm based dc motor speed control using microcontroller circuit design. Apart from these techniques, pulse width modulation is the effective way to implement motor speed control. Todays industries are increasingly demanding process automation in all sectors. To control the speed of a motor, there are different ways. My solution, although its much like cracking nuts with a sledge hammer, solved these problems.

For example, cpu fans, fume extinguishers, toy cars etc. Dc motor speed control using arduino the engineering. By using pwm we can easily control the average power delivered to a load and by thus we can easily control the speed of the dc motor. We have explained pwm in this tutorial using 2 examples which will help you learn how to control led brightness using pwm and how to control dc motor speed using pwm. The set up for speed control of dc shunt motor using flux control technique is shown in the figure.

Speed control of dc motor using pulse width modulation guided by. The duty cycle is defined as the percentage of digital high to digital low plus digital high pulsewidth during a pwm period. In this article we explain how to do pwm pulse width modulation control using arduino. So, why is pwm used in all sorts of dc drives from drills to robots as presumably you could have speed control via potentiometer controlled high gain transistor either current bjt or voltage controlled fet i assume to control a dc motor while burning. In this paper, to control the speed of dc motor using pulse width modulation pwm method. The second reason is if we want to use any devices like microcontrollers or any other digital equipment for automating our dc motor speed control, then this method cannot be used. Automatic speed controller of a dc motor using arduino, for laboratory applications. Speed control of dc shunt motor with field and armature. Tarun agarwal is the chief customer support officer at edgefx technologies pvt ltd. Control pwm current, speed and direction of dc motors. Speed control of any motor is always done y pulse width modulation, abbreviated as pwm. The purpose of a motor speed controller is to take a signal representing. This intentional change of drive speed is known as speed control of a dc motor speed control of a dc motor is either done manually by the operator or by means of an automatic control device.

First, a mathematical model of the dc motor is introduced. As explained earlier, armature current ia is decided by the mechanical load present on the shaft. Dc motor control using pwm on rectified unfiltered current. Barriers to use foc for ac drive applications included higher cost and. Professor dept of electrical and electronics, agmrcet, hubli, india2. The different methods of speed control in dc shunt motors are 1. Speed control of dc motor using pulse width modulation. An onboard pid controller controls speed from a digital command. Pwm just turns on and off the motor very quickly, so if you want the motor to go slowly, the duty cycle ratio of on to off time has to be more off than on. Pdf microcontroller based dc motor speed control using. The chopper is driven by a high frequency pwm signal.

Speed control of dc motor using pulse width modulation submitted by shakti mohan patnaik063261 abinash padhi063273 ritesh kumar lenka063262. In order to change the speed, we have to change flux. Pwm signal controls in dc motors posted by sam pelonis jan 5, 2016 1. This thesis focuses on controlling the speed of a dc motor using pwm technique varying duty cycle of a. Categories 2011 latest ece projects, ece and eee project abstracts, electrical projects, electronics abstracts, electronics projects topics. The dc shunt motor is 120vdc with rated speed of 1800 revolutions per minute. There are lots of designs on the internet for dc power controllers using pulse width modulation pwm to control the speed of a motor or power to a resistive load. Vector control, also called fieldoriented control foc, is a variablefrequency drive vfd.

Speed control methods of dc shunt motor my tech info. Veermata jijabai technological institute 4 speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique v saturating field m shunt motor v series field m series. Thyristor scr speed control of a dc shunt motor dspace repository thyristor scr speed control of a dc shunt motor. In the example below, pin 3 is set as digital output mode. If it is the only reason it seems odd to use pwm equipment for simple demonstrations. In general, the field gets constant voltage, and the armature gets variable voltage to control the speed. The modulation is a process of varying the parameter of a carrier signal in accordance with the. One of the most important features of the dc motor is that their speed can easily be control according to the requirement by using simple methods. Pwm pulse can be generated using arduino and l298 enable pin is used to get that pwm pulse and then it controls the motor speed accordingly. My question is at the end to change the speed we are controlling the input voltage of a dc motor in both pwm pulse width modulation and variable resistance cases.

This paper discusses the speed and torque control of a shunt dc motor through matlab simulink simulations. But in this tutorial, we are explaining simple and easy way by using the pulse width modulation pwm. The dc motor was used in a winding machine, with speed controled by thyristor card with a potentiometer, until that card burned up, so i thought this is an opportunity to try and learn something new. At present, variable voltage is achieved by scr controlled ac to dc converter unit is used to. Pdf speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique. The different methods of speed control in dc shunt motors are explained below, flux control method armature control method voltage control method multiple voltage control ward. On occasion, a field regulator is contained within the field circuit of dc shunt motor for additional speed adjustment. Before going into the further details i would like to tell you about the concept of pwm for controlling dc motor. Is the only reason for choosing pwm to obtain a better precision or not consuming extra power. Speed control of dc motor with simple anolog circuits. Pwm based dc motor speed control using microcontroller. You need to power the field and armature separately. This paper reports a microcontroller based control system to change the speed and direction of rotation of dc motor.

I already posted about interfacing dc motor with pic microcontroller. The circuit consists of one 8051 microcontroller and its supporting circuitry related to oscillator and reset, l298n motor driver module, a dc motor and a few push buttons. Using pwm pulse width modulation to control a device is a common practice in embedded systems. Speed control of dc motor using pulsewidth modulation. The different methods of speed control of dc shunt motor are flux control method, armature control method and voltage control method. A 12v dc motor is connected to the l298n motor driver module at its out1 and out2 pins.

Controlling of dc motor using the pulse width modulation pwm. Most of these use analogue methods to generate the pwm signal which in turn drives a power mosfet or transistor. The biggest downside of using higher frequencies for pwm control is that the switching looses will be higher, thus wasting power that would. There are several methods for controlling the speed of dc motors. This can be achieved by changing the field current.

Pwm based automatic closed loop speed control of dc motor. Controlling the pwm duty cycle is equivalent to controlling the motor. I understand that torque control is performed by altering the armature current. The variable speed drives, which can control the speed of a. Often we want to control the speed of a dc motor on demand. Get free resources on modeling and simulating motor controllers. One of the most commonly used actuators in industry are dc motors because of their relative control simplicity, small dimensions and a low price. The modulation of pulse width is obtained using cd4010b schmitt trigger and rectifier 1n4140. The above mentioned experiment was again carried out using thyristors and a comparative study was.

The field current can be changed by changing the rheostat r connected in series with the field. Speed control of a dc motor using pd and pwm controllers. How to control dc motor speed using pwm on atmega32. By means of this method, the motor can be worked at any speed up to its maximum speed. The speed control of a dc motor is crucial in applications where precision and protection are essential. This item appears in the following collections higher diploma in electrical and electronics engineering 22 projects. Design a speed controller for a dc motor using pulsewidth modulation pwm. Pdf speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique project. Why is pwm used to control dc motor speed instead of using.

Speed control of dc motor using pulse wi authorstream. Dc motor speed control is carried out by use of four quadrant chopper drive. As a result, a simple automatic closedloop speed control system is formed. Where,va is the voltage applied across the armature, n is the rotor speed and. In our robotics applications we may have to control the speed of the dc motor. Speed control of dc motor using pulse width modulation 1.

Speed control of dc motor using pulse width modulation, 555. Armature resistance control and field flux control the dc motor converts the mechanical power into dc electrical power. In this project, i will show how speed control of dc motor can be implemented using 555 and pulse width modulation pwm. Voltage control can be via a mosfet pwm circuit, or for mains powered application, scrs. This paper presents the speed control of brushless dc motor drive employing hard chopping pwm technique using tms320f240 digital signal processor. The motor sees this as a lower overall dc input voltage, and slows down. Speed control of dc motor shunt type aim a to study the speed control of dc motor below the normal range by armature resistance control and to plot speed vs armature voltage, characteristic. This paper describes a matlabsimulink realization of the direct current dc motor speed control method by controlling the voltage applied to the field circuit of a separately excited dc motor in. Speed control of a dc motor using pulsewidth modulation. Speed control of dc motor using pulsewidth modulation pwm. The voltage applied to the motor may be reversed by backing the field current of generator through controller fc.

Pulsewidth modulation pwm or dutycycle variation methods are commonly used in speed control of dc motors. Automatic speed controller of a dc motor using arduino. Working principle from the above circuit diagram, we can conclude that if we want to increase the speed of the shunt motor, we will vary the field resistance. Armature voltage is varied by pulse width modulation pwm of input dc voltage. Speed control of dc shunt motor using microcontroller and android. For example in robotics it is generally used to control the moving speed of a robot whatever it may be path. Vector control accordingly generates a threephase pwm motor voltage output. Here is a sample program written to control a motor via the mosfet diagram of page 11 in onedirection only. If you are new to electronics, we have a detailed article explaining pulse width modulation. Dc motor speed control using pwm with pic microcontroller. Speed control of brushless dc motor drive employing hard.